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Koci of Cooch-Behar are very ancient people, are Meluhha, creators of Indus Script cipher. The founder of Cooch-Behar is a Karnataka king Maharaja Nripendra Narayan who spoke karātakabhāṣe,. i.e. Kannada language.  káścid  ʻ some one, anyone ʼ RV., m.pl. kḗcid, n. kíṁcid q.v. Partially collides with kṓ'pi. [ká -- 2]Pa. kōci, pl. kēci, Aś. shah. gir. koci, man. keci, NiDoc. koci, Pk. kōi, f. kāi, gen. kassaï, (CDIAL 2967)

kuśá1 m. ʻ the grass Poa cynosuroides ʼ Mn., ʻ rope made of this grass for plough ʼ lex.Pa. kusa -- , ˚aka -- m. ʻ the grass ʼ, Pk. kusa -- m.; N. kus ʻ the grass, a ring made of it ʼ, kuso ʻ the grass ʼ, B. kuśā; Or. kuśa ʻ the grass, rope made of it to tie yoke to pole of plough ʼ, kuśā ʻ rope ʼ; Mth. kus ʻ the grass ʼ, H. kusā m.; Si. kusa ʻ the sacrificial grass Heteropogon hirtus ʼ, kusa -- taṇa ʻ Panicum paniculatum ʼ.(CDIAL 3363)

kuśīˊ f. ʻ small wooden pin used to mark in recitation ʼ MaitrS., ʻ do. of metal ʼ ŚBr., ʻ ploughshare ʼ lex., ˚śika<-> m.n. lex., kuśā -- f. ʻ pin for marking in recitation ʼ Pāṇ., ˚śikā -- f. ʻ piece of wood used as a splint for a broken limb ʼ Car.Pk. kusī -- f. ʻ a tool made of iron ʼ, L. kuhīkahī f. ʻ mattock ʼ, P. kahī f. (a?); H. kusī˚siyā f. ʻ ploughshare ʼ, kuskussā m. ʻ mattock ʼ; G. kaśkɔś f. ʻ iron instrument for digging ʼ, kɔslũ n. ʻ bar of iron attached to a plough ʼ, kɔśiyāḷɔ m. ʻ wooden wedge holding ploughshare in wooden frame of plough ʼ; M. kusā m. ʻ hand implement for turning up clods (a pole with an iron blade or head) ʼ.Addenda: kuśīˊ -- : S.kcch. khau f. ʻ sharp iron bar for digging ʼ; L. kuhīkahī f. ʻ mattock ʼ, P. kahī f.; WPah.kṭg. kɔ́śṭɔ m. ʻ hoe ʼ, kɔ́śṭi f. ʻ little hoe ʼ; J. kaśī f. ʻ mattock ʼ (Him.I 22: interchange of u with a, exemplified also in CDIAL, is not explained).(CDIAL 3367)
Administrative map of Cooch-Behar


Cooch-Behar city, Aerial view

According to historian Kanaklal Barua, the term Koch is of aboriginal origin and is used to refer to an ethnic group from Kamata kingdom. Koches are a trans-border community, like the Garos and the Khasis. They live in separate countries which were carved out of their ancestral lands.On the other hand, the term Rajbanshi, according to A. C. Choudhury is supposedly derived from Aryan or Dravidian word Rajvamsi meaning "Kshatriya or people belong to royal race or descendants of the king". Swarna Lata Baruah indicates that the word 'Rajvamsi' refers to a distinct Dravidian community.

The Koch-Rajbongshi tribe were ethnically and culturally related to the same Koch Dynasty who ruled their land and vice versa, i.e., the Koch dynasty of Assam, northern Bengal, Rangpur part. Many however trace this etymological relation to the dynasties prior to that of the Koches.In Assam the Koches are officially recognized by the Government of Assam as 'Koch-Rajbongshi', in West Bengal they are known as 'Rajbongshi', 'Rajbanshi','Poliya' and 'Koch', in Nepal they are known as 'Rajbanshi' and 'Koch'. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajbongshi_people

The Rajbongshis were traditionally agriculturalists, but due to their numerical dominance in North Bengal there were significant occupational differences among them. Most were agricultural labourers (halua) or sharecroppers (adhiar). These often worked for landed cultivators, called dar-chukanidars. Above them were the chukandiars and jotedars, and at the top were the zamindars. Some Rajbongshis were zamindars or jotedars. (Barman, Rup Kumar. "A new Look on the transition of Caste identity into Cultural identity of the Rajbanshis of Northern Bengal and Lower Assam" (PDF)The Mirror: 56–70.)


See: Hodgson, B. H. (1847). Essay the first; On the Kocch, Bódo and Dhimál tribes, in three parts. Calcutta.

káścid ʻ some one, anyone ʼ RV., m.pl. kḗcid, n. kíṁcid q.v. Partially collides with kṓ'pi. [ká -- 2]Pa. kōci, pl. kēci, Aś. shah. gir. koci, man. keci, NiDoc. koci, Pk. kōi, f. kāi, gen. kassaï, L. kōī, f. kāī, P. koī, WPah. cur. kōī, Ku. kwe, N. koi, obl. kasai, A. keo, B. keī ODBL 845, Or. kei, Mth. keo, OAw. koikeu, H. koī, OMarw. koi, OG. kāṁī dir. sg. m.n. < kāˊnicid, G. koi; Si. kisi pl. ʻ some ʼ < kḗcid with -- s -- after kis ʻ anything ʼ < kíṁcid. -- Traces of original -- śc -- in Aś. kāl. kecha, NiDoc. kac̄i ( = kaści?), P. kachu ʻ some, any, somewhat ʼ and more generally affecting forms deriving from kíṁcid.Addenda: káścid: WPah.kṭg. (kc.) koi ʻ somebody, anybody ʼ. (CDIAL 2967)

Koch male and female 1872
According to Yogini Tantra, Koches were called as Kuvacha. (The Yogini Trantra, which was composed in Assam itself in about the 16th century, refers to the Koches as kuvachas(Nath:3)).According to Tabaqat-i-Nasiri , Kamrud(Kamrup) was inhabited by the Koch , Mech & Tharu (Cooch behar was inhabited by Makh (Mech) and Kuj (Koch) . Raja belong to First tribe(Salam , 1902:11) According to Fatiyah-i-Ibriah, Cooch behar was inhabited Koch ( Cooch behar was inhabited by Makh (Mech) and Kuj (Koch) . Raja belong to First tribe(Salam , 1902:11)) Although some Koch and Mech called themselves as Koch Rajbongshi (royal) in Cooch Behar. But they are different from Rajbongshi people related to Dravidian and Aryan affinities. The Koch and The Rajbanshi both the terms refer to some groups of people but the basic difference between the two terms- the former is aborigine; while the latter is Aryan or Dravidian origin. The term Koch or Mech used in order to identify one of the plain ethnic groups from Kamrupa-Kamata kingdom (Barua 2008 189) [1]. On the other hand the term ‘Rajbanshi’ presumed to be derived from the Sanskrit or Dravidian word ‘Rajvamsi’ means Khsartiya or people belong to royal race or descendants of the king (Choudhary 2011 09) [4], whereas the term ‘Rajvamsi’ also refers to a distinct community of Dravidian affinities (Baruah 2007 203) [2]. (Halder , 2017A big part of Koch history is that of Koch dynasty. Koch Hajo was a Bhuyan who had two daughter Hira and Jira.("History Book of Cooch Behar"coochbehar.nic.in.) Hajo was popular figure worshiped by Bodo people.(Bodo(Mech) worshiped Hajo Raja (Hodgson , 1847:167; Chaudhuri, Harendra Narayan (1903). The Cooch Behar state and its land revenue settlements. Cooch Behar. pp. 225, 226.) Hira and Jira married to Hariya of Mech. Jira gave birth to Chandan and Madan, and Hira gave birth to Bishu (Viswa Singha) and Sishu (Sisya Singha). Bishu was the bravest and smartest. Who was the progenitor of Narayana dynasty of Cooch Behar. (Chaudhuri, Harendra Narayan (1903). The Cooch Behar state and its land revenue settlements. Cooch Behar. pp. 225, 226.)
See: http://coochbehar.nic.in/Htmfiles/history_book.html Translated from "Kochbiharer Itihas", 2nd edition (1988), by Shri. Hemanta Kumar Roy Barma, M.A.,B.L. (ex-Nayeb Ahilkar of erstwhile Cooch Behar Princely State)|| "Kochbihar Parikrama" edited by Krishnendu Dey, Niraj Biswas & Digbijoy De Sarkar ||


The name Cooch Behar is derived from the name of the Koch or Rajbongshi tribes.(Pal, Dr. Nripendra Nath (2000). Itikathai Cooch Behar (A brief history of Cooch Behar). Kolkata: Anima Prakashani. pp. 11–12). The word behar is derived from Sanskritविहार vihara....During the British Raj, Cooch Behar was the seat of the princely state of Koch Bihar, ruled by the Koch Kingdom of often described as the Shiva Vansha, tracing their origin from the Koch tribe of North-eastern India...Cooch Behar formed part of the Kamarupa Kingdom of Assam from the 4th to the 12th centuries. In the 12th century, the area became a part of the Kamata Kingdom, first ruled by the Khen dynasty from their capital at Kamatapur. The Khens were an indigenous tribe, and they ruled till about 1498 CE, when they fell to Alauddin Hussain Shah, the independent Pathan Sultan of Gour. The new invaders fought with the local Bhuyan chieftains and the Ahom king Suhungmung and lost control of the region. During this time, the Koch tribe became very powerful and proclaimed itself Kamateshwar (Lord of Kamata) and established the Koch dynasty.


Maharaja Nripendra Narayan